Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

Upon arriving at a scene where a patient has sustained burns, what is the first action to take after standard precautions?

1. Take vital signs

2. Apply a burn cream

3. Apply supplemental oxygen and monitor his airway

4. Start IV fluids

The correct answer is: Apply supplemental oxygen and monitor his airway

Once standard precautions are taken, the primary concern in managing a burn patient is to ensure a patent airway and provide supplemental oxygen if indicated. Burns can affect the airway due to potential inhalation injuries, especially if the burn was caused by fire or if there is any evidence of airway compromise. Administering supplemental oxygen can help prevent hypoxia and supports the patient's respiratory needs, particularly in cases of carbon monoxide inhalation or if the patient is struggling to breathe due to swelling around the face or neck. Taking vital signs, applying a burn cream, or initiating IV fluids can all be essential components of patient management; however, securing the airway is the most critical intervention when addressing immediate life threats. Burns can lead to significant complications, and prioritizing airway management is vital to ensure the patient's safety and stability before proceeding with other treatments.